{"id":617,"date":"2023-07-10T14:53:05","date_gmt":"2023-07-10T06:53:05","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/?p=617"},"modified":"2023-07-10T14:53:05","modified_gmt":"2023-07-10T06:53:05","slug":"app%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91kotlin%e8%a6%81%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%91%a2%ef%bc%9f","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/2023\/07\/10\/app%e5%bc%80%e5%8f%91kotlin%e8%a6%81%e6%80%8e%e4%b9%88%e5%ae%9e%e7%8e%b0%e5%91%a2%ef%bc%9f\/","title":{"rendered":"app\u5f00\u53d1kotlin\u8981\u600e\u4e48\u5b9e\u73b0\u5462\uff1f"},"content":{"rendered":"

Kotlin\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8eJava\u865a\u62df\u673a(JVM)\u548cJavaScript\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u662fJetBrains\u516c\u53f8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8eAndroid\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u3002Kotlin\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u8bbe\u8ba1\u521d\u8877\u662f\u4e3a\u4e86\u63d0\u4f9b\u66f4\u7b80\u6d01\u3001\u53ef\u9760\u548c\u7075\u6d3b\u7684\u7f16\u7a0b\u65b9\u5f0f\uff0c\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0eJava\u8bed\u8a00\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cKotlin\u4e3a\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u8bb8\u591a\u6709\u8da3\u7684\u65b0\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u5982\u534f\u7a0b\u3001NULL\u5b89\u5168\u5904\u7406\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u7b49\u3002\u672c\u6587\u5c06\u8be6\u7ec6\u4ecb\u7ecdKotlin\u4ee5\u53ca\u5f00\u53d1\u5b89\u5353\u5e94\u7528\u7684\u57fa\u7840\u77e5\u8bc6\u3002<\/p>\n

1. Kotlin\u7684\u57fa\u672c\u8bed\u6cd5\u4e0e\u7279\u6027<\/p>\n

\u548c\u5176\u4ed6\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\u4e00\u6837\uff0cKotlin\u4e5f\u6709\u53d8\u91cf\u3001\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u578b\u3001\u8fd0\u7b97\u7b26\u3001\u63a7\u5236\u8bed\u53e5\u7b49\u57fa\u672c\u8981\u7d20\u3002\u4f46\u76f8\u8f83\u4e8eJava\uff0cKotlin\u66f4\u52a0\u7b80\u6d01\u660e\u4e86\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u5728Kotlin\u4e2d\u4e0d\u9700\u8981\u4f7f\u7528\u5206\u53f7\u4f5c\u4e3a\u8bed\u53e5\u7ed3\u675f\u7b26\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cKotlin\u8fd8\u62e5\u6709\u5982\u4e0b\u7279\u6027\uff1a<\/p>\n

<\/figure>\n<\/p>\n

– \u7a7a\u5b89\u5168(Null Safety)\uff1aKotlin\u7f16\u8bd1\u5668\u4f1a\u5f3a\u5236\u8981\u6c42\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u5bf9\u53ef\u80fd\u4e3a\u7a7a\u7684\u53d8\u91cf\u8fdb\u884c\u5b89\u5168\u5904\u7406\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u907f\u514dNullPointer\u5f02\u5e38\u7684\u53d1\u751f\u3002<\/p>\n

– \u6570\u636e\u7c7b(Data Classes)\uff1aKotlin\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86\u6570\u636e\u7c7b\u7684\u7279\u6027\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u7b80\u5316\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u7684\u5b9a\u4e49\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u53ea\u9700\u8981\u51e0\u884c\u4ee3\u7801\u5c31\u80fd\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e00\u4e2a\u5b8c\u6574\u7684JavaBean\u5b9e\u4f53\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

– \u6269\u5c55\u51fd\u6570(Extension Functions)\uff1aKotlin\u5141\u8bb8\u5411\u73b0\u6709\u7684\u7c7b\u6dfb\u52a0\u65b0\u7684\u3001\u672a\u5728\u539f\u6709\u7c7b\u4e2d\u5b9a\u4e49\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u3002\u6269\u5c55\u7684\u51fd\u6570\u5e76\u4e0d\u4f1a\u5b9e\u9645\u4fee\u6539\u539f\u6709\u7684\u7c7b\uff0c\u4f46\u5374\u53ef\u4ee5\u50cf\u539f\u6709\u65b9\u6cd5\u4e00\u6837\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

– \u534f\u7a0b(Coroutines)\uff1aKotlin\u7684\u534f\u7a0b\u8ba9\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u80fd\u591f\u7f16\u5199\u5f02\u6b65\u3001\u975e\u963b\u585e\u7684\u4ee3\u7801\uff0c\u5b9e\u73b0\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u7ebf\u7a0b\u5207\u6362\u53ca\u7ba1\u7406\u3002<\/p>\n

2. \u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u914d\u7f6e<\/p>\n

\u8981\u5728Android\u9879\u76ee\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Kotlin\uff0c\u9996\u5148\u9700\u8981\u914d\u7f6e\u5f00\u53d1\u73af\u5883\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u5b89\u88c5Java\u3001Android Studio\u548cKotlin\u63d2\u4ef6\u3002\u5b89\u88c5\u5b8c\u6210\u540e\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u65b0\u7684Android\u9879\u76ee\uff0c\u5e76\u9009\u62e9Kotlin\u4f5c\u4e3a\u9879\u76ee\u7684\u8bed\u8a00\u3002<\/p>\n

3. Kotlin\u4e0eAndroid\u7ec4\u4ef6<\/p>\n

Kotlin\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b8c\u7f8e\u5730\u4e0eAndroid\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u534f\u540c\u5de5\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982Activity\u3001Fragment\u3001Service\u7b49\u3002\u4ee5\u4e0b\u662f\u4e00\u4e9b\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u4f7f\u7528\u6848\u4f8b\uff1a<\/p>\n

– Activity\uff1a\u5b83\u662fAndroid app\u4e2d\u7528\u4e8e\u8868\u793a\u4e00\u4e2a\u5355\u4e00\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u5728Kotlin\u4e2d\u4f7f\u7528Activity\u65f6\uff0c\u9700\u8981\u7ee7\u627f\u81eaAppCompAPP\u5f00\u53d1<\/a>atActivity\u7c7b\u3002<\/p>\n

– Fragment\uff1a\u5728\u5927\u5c4f\u5e55\u4e0a\u5b9e\u73b0\u66f4\u591a\u7ec6\u8282\u548c\u52a8\u6001\u663e\u793a\u5185\u5bb9\u65f6\uff0cFragment\u975e\u5e38\u6709\u7528\u3002\u5b83\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u8f7b\u91cf\u7ea7\u7684\u3001\u6a21\u5757\u5316\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u88ab\u591a\u4e2aActivity\u5171\u4eab\u548c\u91cd\u7528\u3002<\/p>\n

– Service\uff1aService\u662f\u5728\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u540e\u53f0\u65e0\u754c\u9762\u5730\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u7ec4\u4ef6\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u4f7f\u7528Service\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u53ef\u4ee5\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0d\u4f9d\u8d56\u4e8e\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002\u4e00\u822c\u7528\u4e8e\u540e\u53f0\u4efb\u52a1\u3001\u5b9a\u65f6\u4efb\u52a1\u7b49\u957f\u65f6\u95f4\u8fd0\u884c\u7684\u64cd\u4f5c\u3002<\/p>\n

4. \u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u8bbe\u8ba1\u4e0e\u5e03\u5c40<\/p>\n

Kotlin\u5728Android\u4e2d\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u9700\u8981\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\uff08UAPP<\/a>I\uff09\u8bbe\u8ba1\u3002\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528XML\u5e03\u5c40\u6587\u4ef6\u5b9a\u4e49UI\u5143\u7d20\u7684\u6837\u5f0f\u548c\u5916\u89c2\u3002\u4f8b\u5982\uff0c\u521b\u5efa\u4e00\u4e2a\u4e3b\u8981\u7531Button\u3001TextView\u548cEditText\u7ec4\u6210\u7684\u7b80\u5355\u767b\u5f55\u754c\u9762\u3002\u9664\u6b64\u4e4b\u5916\uff0cKotlin\u8fd8\u63d0\u4f9b\u4e86Anko\u5e93\uff0c\u8fd9\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5e2e\u52a9\u7b80\u5316Android UI\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u5e93\u3002<\/p>\n

5. \u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u4e0e\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42<\/p>\n

\u5728\u5f00\u53d1Android\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u6211\u4eec\u901a\u5e38\u9700\u8981\u4e0e\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u8fdb\u884c\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002Kotlin\u652f\u6301\u5e38\u89c1\u7684\u6570\u636e\u5b58\u50a8\u64cd\u4f5c\uff0c\u5982SharedPreferences\u3001SQLite\u6570\u636e\u5e93\u7b49\u3002\u6b64\u5916\uff0cKotlin\u8fd8\u652f\u6301\u901a\u8fc7HTTP\u5e93\uff08\u5982OkHttp\u3001Retrofit\u7b49\uff09\u53d1\u9001\u7f51\u7edc\u8bf7\u6c42\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u5b9e\u73b0\u4e0e\u540e\u7aef\u670d\u52a1\u5668\u7684\u6570\u636e\u4ea4\u4e92\u3002<\/p>\n

6. \u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u4e0e\u8c03\u8bd5<\/p>\n

\u4f7f\u7528Kotlin\u5f00\u53d1Android\u5e94\u7528\u65f6\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u9700\u638c\u63e1\u76f8\u5173\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u6d41\u7a0b\u3002\u8fd9\u5305\u62ec\u521b\u5efa\u9879\u76ee\u3001\u5b9e\u73b0\u529f\u80fd\u3001\u521b\u5efa\u548c\u8c03\u6574\u7528\u6237\u754c\u9762\u3001\u6dfb\u52a0\u4f9d\u8d56\u5e93\u3001\u8fdb\u884c\u8c03\u8bd5\u3001\u7f16\u5199\u6d4b\u8bd5\u4ee3\u7801\u7b49\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u638c\u63e1\u8fd9\u4e9b\u6d41\u7a0b\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u5feb\u901f\u5730\u642d\u5efa\u5e76\u5b8c\u5584\u81ea\u5df1\u7684\u9879\u76ee\u3002<\/p>\n

\u603b\u7ed3\uff1a<\/p>\n

Kotlin\u56e0\u5176\u7b80\u6d01\u4f18\u96c5\u7684\u8bed\u6cd5\u3001\u5f3a\u5927\u7684\u529f\u80fd\u4ee5\u53ca\u4e0eJava\u7684\u517c\u5bb9\u6027\uff0c\u6210\u4e3a\u4e86Android App\u5f00\u53d1\u7684\u70ed\u95e8\u9009\u62e9\u3002\u901a\u8fc7\u5b66\u4e60Kotlin\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u5f00\u53d1\u8005\u53ef\u4ee5\u66f4\u9ad8\u6548\u5730\u5b9e\u73b0\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u7684\u5f00\u53d1\u3002\u4e0d\u8bba\u662f\u5bf9\u4e8e\u65b0\u624b\u8fd8\u662f\u7ecf\u9a8c\u4e30\u5bcc\u7684\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5458\u6765\u8bf4\uff0cKotlin\u90fd\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u5177\u6709\u5f88\u9ad8\u4ef7\u503c\u7684\u6280\u80fd\u3002<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kotlin\u662f\u4e00\u79cd\u9759\u6001\u7c7b\u578b\u7f16\u7a0b\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u9002\u7528\u4e8eJava\u865a\u62df\u673a(JVM)\u548cJavaScript\u4e0a\u7684\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u3002\u5b83\u662fJetBrains\u516c\u53f8\u8bbe\u8ba1\u7684\u4e00\u79cd\u73b0\u4ee3\u5316\u8bed\u8a00\uff0c\u4e3b\u8981\u7528\u4e8eAndroid\u5e94\u7528\u7a0b\u5e8f\u5f00\u53d1\u3002Kotlin<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[1],"tags":[1428,56,1430,594,1429],"topic":[],"class_list":["post-617","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-kaifaapp","tag-mac-","tag-56","tag-1430","tag-594","tag-1429"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/617","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/6"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=617"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/617\/revisions"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=617"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=617"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=617"},{"taxonomy":"topic","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zhidianwl.net\/zhidianwl\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/topic?post=617"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}